ervir food, repairing beds or watering plants child offers "mini-jobs" that refugees can make in Germany for payment of one euro an hour, a measure being challenged by doubts of its effectiveness to integrate newcomers into the labor market.
Ladle and spatula in hand, Zaid, an Iraqi 23, lift the cover of a tray filled with goulash and cakes father. While serving portions tries to explain to other refugees the recipe for this dish, a "very German" dish seasoned with oil and beef broth.
From 18h30 to 20h, Zaid is employed by the city of Berlin to distribute an dinner 152 other Syrian refugees, Iraqis, Afghans and Moldovans attending an Berlin gym transformed into worldly reception center.
No ban, Zaid performs its duties with a big smile. "This allows me to have contact with Germans who come here to distribute food and volunteer with me and practice the language," said the refugee, who fled his hometown, Hilla, with his father and his sister six months ago.
"I'm not turning it around town without knowing what to do," he added. In the hostel where he lives, boredom sometimes causes conflict, as the most trivial nonsense leads people to raise their voices in disputes even come to blows.
Berlin currently employs 3,925 refugees in 75 reception centers. The city, heavily criticized for managing the arrival of migrants, now wants to expand its range of "jobs for one euro" an classified as public utility associations.
In Bavaria, one of the states that host more refugees, more than 9,000 people exercise these jobs. Hannover can work repairing bicycles, sorting clothes or accompanying children to the nursery, in exchange for German classes.
- Springboard or via exclusion?
Labour Minister, Andrea Nahles, promised the creation of 100,000 jobs of this kind for refugees. These "scaled down jobs," one euro had been launched ten years in a labor market reform.
"In the short term, it is a sensible measure, since otherwise the refugees would have no chance to work," said AFP Ronald Bachmann, an economist at the renowned institute RWI, based in Essen (west).
While his record has not been analyzed, asylum seekers have no right to work legally. "Seeing refugees working also sends a political signal," said the expert, referring to populist rhetoric criticizing migrants live at the expense of the German state.
These jobs, which were intended for long-term unemployed, had almost been forgotten and because "it is rare, very rare, that allow entering the labor market, as many things do not learn," said Ronald Bachmann.
The president of the German Federation of Trade Unions (DGB), Reiner Hoffmann, ruled against these jobs because it says his country needs a more ambitious to integrate refugees into the productive system program.
In this sense, Holger Schäfer, an expert in labor markets IW Institute, this program "subsidizes the exclusion of refugees in the labor market."
Zaid, meanwhile, have no intention of pursuing a career in the area of restoration and expects integration courses you took in high school in Berlin allow him to return sometime computer studies which interrupted in Iraq.